Transport device having a tilted driving surface

ABSTRACT

A transport device for a laboratory sample distribution system is presented. The transport device comprises a plurality of electro-magnetic actuators and a driving surface arranged above the actuators, in which the driving surface is configured to carry sample container carriers. The driving surface is tiled and comprises a plurality of driving surface modules with driving surface elements. Support elements arranged in a grid pattern are provided. Each driving surface module is detachably mounted to a subset of the support elements. A laboratory sample distribution system and to a laboratory automation system comprising a laboratory sample distribution system are also presented.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of PCT/EP2017/051535 filed Jan. 25, 2017, which is based on and claims priority to EP 16157588.1 filed Feb. 26, 2016, which are hereby incorporated by reference.

BACKGROUND

The present disclosure generally relates to a transport device for a laboratory sample distribution system as well as a laboratory sample distribution system and to a laboratory automation system comprising a laboratory sample distribution system.

A laboratory automation system comprises a plurality of pre-analytical, analytical and/or post-analytical stations, in which samples, for example blood, saliva, swab and other specimens taken from the human body, are processed. It is generally known to provide various containers, such as test tubes or vials, containing the samples. The test tubes are also referred to as sample tubes. In the context of the application, containers such as test tubes or vials for containing a sample are referred to as sample containers.

There is a need for a transport device comprising a plurality of electro-magnetic actuators stationary arranged below a driving surface, in which the transport device is flexible in design and can be adapted to a large number of different requirements.

SUMMARY

According to the present disclosure, a transport device is presented. The transport device can comprise a plurality of electro-magnetic actuators and a driving surface arranged above the actuators, in which the driving surface can be configured to carry sample container carriers. The driving surface can be tiled and comprises a plurality of driving surface modules with driving surface elements. Support elements arranged in a grid pattern can be provided. Each driving surface module can be detachably mounted to a subset of the support elements.

Accordingly, it is a feature of the embodiments of the present disclosure to provide for a transport device comprising a plurality of electro-magnetic actuators being stationary arranged below a driving surface, in which the transport device is flexible in design and can be adapted to a large number of different requirements. Other features of the embodiments of the present disclosure will be apparent in light of the description of the disclosure embodied herein.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS

The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the present disclosure can be best understood when read in conjunction with the following drawings, where like structure is indicated with like reference numerals and in which:

FIG. 1 illustrates a top view of a transport device build from several transport device units according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 2 illustrates an exploded view of a transport device unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 3 illustrates a sectional exploded view of the transport device unit of FIG. 2 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 4 illustrates a top view of a base plate of a base plate module of the transport device unit of FIG. 2 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 5 illustrates a top view of a rhombic slot nut according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 6 illustrates a top view of a base plate module of the transport device unit of FIG. 2 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 7 illustrates a side view of a filter element used in the base plate module of FIG. 6 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 8 illustrates a perspective view of a wiring board used in the base plate module of FIG. 6 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 9 illustrates a perspective view from above of an actuator module of the transport device unit of FIG. 2 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 10 illustrates a perspective view from below of the actuator module of FIG. 9 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 11 illustrates a perspective view from above of the actuator module of FIG. 9 without actuators according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 12 illustrates a perspective view of an actuator of the actuator module of FIG. 9 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 13 illustrates a perspective view from above of a driving surface module of the transport device unit of FIG. 2 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 14 illustrates a perspective view from below of the driving surface module of FIG. 13 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 15 illustrates a perspective view from below showing a detail of two adjacent driving surface modules of FIG. 13 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 16 illustrates a perspective view of a detail XVI of FIG. 14 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 17 illustrates a perspective view of a corner support of the transport device unit of FIG. 2 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 18 illustrates a bottom view of a detail XVIII of FIG. 2 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 19 illustrates a bottom view showing a detail of two adjacent driving surface modules of FIG. 13 connected by a corner support 5 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 20 illustrates a schematic sectional view showing two adjacent transfer units coupled by a corner support according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 21 illustrates a transport device upon removal of a transport device unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 22 illustrates a perspective of a tool for removing a transport device unit from a transport device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In the following detailed description of the embodiments, reference is made to the accompanying drawings that form a part hereof, and in which are shown by way of illustration, and not by way of limitation, specific embodiments in which the disclosure may be practiced. It is to be understood that other embodiments may be utilized and that logical, mechanical and electrical changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.

A transport device with a plurality of electro-magnetic actuators and a driving surface arranged above the actuators is provided. The driving surface can be configured to carry sample container carriers and can be tiled and comprises a plurality of driving surface modules with driving surface elements. Support elements arranged in a grid pattern can be provided. Each driving surface module can be detachably mounted to a subset of the support elements.

The electro-magnetic actuators can be configured to move a sample container carrier on top of the driving surface in at least two different directions using magnetic forces. It is well known to provide a control device which can be configured to control the movement of the container carriers on the top of the driving surface by driving the electro-magnetic actuators.

The tiling of the driving surface using driving surface modules can allow detachment of the individual driving surface modules to access actuators arranged below the driving surface module, for example, in case of a malfunction or defect of an actuator. The driving surface module in one embodiment can be smaller in height than the actuators. The height can be chosen in some embodiments so that a tilting of the driving surface module for mounting or dismounting a driving surface module to the support elements may be possible.

The driving surface module can comprise a driving surface element configured to carry sample container carriers. In one embodiment, sample container carriers can be provided with rollers for a movement across the driving surface element or a driving surface pieced together from driving surface elements of neighboring transport device units. In some embodiments, the sample container carriers can be moved slidingly across the driving surface element. For this purpose, the driving surface element can be made from or coated with a material having a low sliding friction coefficient, in particular, in combination with a material used at a sliding surface of the sample container carrier, as well as high abrasion resistance.

According to one embodiment, a sealing cord can be provided between adjacent sides of neighboring driving surface elements. In each case, driving surface elements of neighboring driving surface modules can be forced apart by the sealing cord. A maximum distance between the driving surface elements can be limited by the support element. The sealing cord can have two functions. Firstly, by using the sealing cord, a liquid accidently spilled on the driving surface can be prevented from reaching the actuators and/or a wiring board arranged below the driving surface. Secondly, using the sealing cord together with the support elements, a horizontal adjustment of neighboring driving surface modules can be achieved. In one embodiment, the driving surface modules can be coupled to the support elements with play. The sealing cord can force the driving surface elements of neighboring driving surface modules apart. The support elements and, in particular, mechanical end stops provided at the support elements can limit a relative movement of the neighboring driving surface elements away from each other. This can allow positioning of each driving surface element very accurately. Hence, small misalignments between two neighboring driving surface elements can be avoided which can add up and impair an overall alignment of the driving surface modules.

In one embodiment, the driving surface elements can be provided with a rim at their bottom side for accommodating the sealing cord. In one embodiment, the rim can have no interruption and can extend over the entire circumference of the driving surface element. In other elements, the rim can be pieced together of rim parts arranged with gaps. In still another embodiment, individual rim elements can be provided at the respective sides of the driving surface element. To ensure for a reliable sealing, in some embodiments, the sealing cord can be mounted to the rim of a first side of a driving surface element and a sealing projection for contacting the sealing cord can be provided at the rim of a second side of an adjacent driving surface element. In other words, in each case, a sealing cord mounted to one side can contact a sealing projection provided at an adjacent side.

Driving surface modules with driving surface elements having different basic shapes can be assembled to a driving surface. In some embodiments of the transport device, the driving surface elements can have a tessellating basic shape such as, for example, a regular polygonal basic shape. In other words, driving surface modules with driving surface elements having the same basic shape can be combined to the driving surface. Hence, a system with high flexibility can be provided which can be configured to changing requirements of a laboratory system. The driving surface elements can be coupled at their sides for building a continuous surface.

In some embodiments of the transport device, the driving surface elements can have a regular polygonal basic shape with three, four or six corners, wherein the support elements can be designed as corner supports arranged to support adjacent corners of driving surface elements of neighboring driving surface modules. When using such corner supports, the number of support elements can be minimized.

As mentioned above, sealing cords can be provided between adjacent sides of neighboring driving surface elements. Alternatively, or in addition, the corner supports, in one embodiment, can be provided with a liquid trap recess at their center for collecting liquid accidently spilled on the transport surface.

In order to couple the driving surface modules with the support elements such as, for example, with the corner supports, each driving surface module can be provided with connecting structures at the corners of the driving surface element for connecting each corner with an associated corner support. In some embodiments of the connecting structures, the connecting structures can each comprise at least one connection pin configured to be inserted into an opening provided at the corner support. The connection pin can allow for a simple mounting of the driving surface modules to the corner supports. As mentioned above, in one embodiment, the driving surface modules can be mounted with play to the support elements. For this purpose, the openings of the corner supports can be designed having a larger diameter than the connection pins, wherein adjacent driving surface elements can be forced apart and, thus, the connection pins can be forced towards regions of the openings away from a center of the corner support.

In one embodiment, at least one of the connecting structures can further comprise at least one snap-fit element. By use of the snap-fit element, the driving surface modules can be detachably fixed in position in a vertical direction.

In some embodiments, at least a subset of the driving surface modules can be provided with a sensor board arranged at a bottom side of the driving surface element. When mounting the sensor board to the bottom of the driving surface element, the sensor board can be arranged close to the driving surface across in which the sample container carriers are moved. The sensor board can at least form part of a device for sensing a presence or position of a sample container carrier moved across the upper side of the driving surface element. In one embodiment, the driving surface element can be transparent to IR light, wherein the sensor board can be equipped with multiple IR based reflection light barriers arranged in a grid, and the sample container carriers can be configured to reflect IR radiation emitted by the light barriers.

For avoiding gaps between adjacent driving surface elements, at least a subset of the driving surface elements can be provided with at least one side having a stepped portion and at least one side having a complementary overhang portion. The overhang portion can be configured to overlap a stepped portion at the side of a driving surface element of a neighboring driving surface module. In case the driving surface elements have a regular polygonal basic shape with four or six corners, and in one embodiment, opposite sides of the driving surface elements can be provided with a stepped portion and a complementary overhang portion, respectively.

In some embodiments of the driving surface modules, resilient force elements can be provided for forcing a stepped portion of a driving surface module against the overhang portion at side of a neighboring driving surface module. By use of the resilient force elements, it can be ensured that an overhang portion rests on the associated stepped portion and steps between adjacent driving surface modules can be avoided.

The resilient force elements, in one embodiment, can comprise hook-shaped elements provided at a bottom surface of a driving surface element underneath the overhang portion and tongue-shaped elements can be provided at a bottom surface of a driving surface element underneath the stepped portion.

The transport device, in one embodiment, can be assembled from a plurality of transport device units. Each transport device unit can comprise a base plate module with a base plate for fixing the transport device unit to a support frame and an actuator module with a plurality of electro-magnetic actuators, in which the actuator module can be supported by the base plate module. In other words, a modular transport device can be provided, in which it can be configured to various requirements of a laboratory distribution system.

In some embodiments, each driving surface module can be assigned to one transport device unit. Each driving surface module can be detachably mounted to the base plate module of the assigned transport device unit by the support elements.

A laboratory sample distribution system can also be provided having a transport device and a plurality of sample container carriers. The sample container carriers can each comprise at least one magnetically active device such as, for example, at least one permanent magnet, and configured to carry a sample container containing a sample. The magnetic actuators of the transport device units of the transport device can be suitably driven for generating a magnetic field such that a driving force can be applied to each of the sample container carriers for transporting the sample container carriers on the surface pieced together of driving surface modules of the units. The distribution system in addition, in one embodiment, can comprise additional conveyor devices for moving a sample container carrier along a defined path.

A laboratory automation system with a plurality of pre-analytical, analytical and/or post-analytical stations and with a distribution system having a transport device and number of sample container carriers can also be provided.

Referring initially to FIG. 1, FIG. 1 schematically shows a top view of an embodiment of a transport device 10 build from several, in the embodiment shown, twenty transport device units 1. The transport device units 1 can be fixed to a support frame comprising support bars 12. Each of the transport device units 1 shown has a square basic shape allowing building of transport devices 10 of various designs by adding additional transport device units 1 at either side of already existing units 1 and/or removing transport device units 1 from the device 10 shown in FIG. 1. In other embodiments, the transport device units can have a different basic shape, for example, a triangular basic shape or a hexagonal basic shape. Preferably, all transport device units 1 can have the same basic shape, wherein the shape can be a tessellating shape. However, in some embodiments, a transport device can be comprised of transport device units 1 having different basic shapes.

FIG. 2 shows a transport device unit 1 for building a transport device 10 of FIG. 1 in an exploded view. FIG. 3 shows the unit 1 of FIG. 2 in an exploded sectional view. The transport device unit 1 can comprise three modules, namely a base plate module 2 for fixing the transport device unit 1 to the support frame, an actuator module 3 with a plurality of electro-magnetic actuators 30 mounted to a carrier element 31, and a driving surface module 4. Adjacent transport device units 1 can be connected by corner supports 5.

The base plate module 2 shown can comprise a base plate 20 having a substantially square basic shape with four sides and four corners. In the center area of the base plate 20, a recess 21 surrounded by walls 22 can be provided for accommodating a fan 32 mounted at the actuator module 3 and protruding from a bottom side of the carrier element 31. At the inside of the walls 22, filter elements 230 can be mounted.

A wiring board 6 can be mounted to the base plate 20 at one corner region thereof. In the embodiment shown, the wiring board 6 has a substantially L-shaped basic shape and can be arranged directly adjacent to the recess 21.

Neighboring base plate modules 2 can be coupled to each other. For this purpose, in the embodiment shown, at each corner of the base plate module 2, an angled connection bracket 24 extending in a vertical direction and substantially perpendicular to a surface area of the base plate 20 can be provided. Adjacent base plates 20, and thus adjacent base plate modules 2, can be connected by the corner supports 5 attached to two, three or four connection brackets 24 of the base plates 20 of neighboring transport device units 1. The driving surface module 4 can be coupled to a top end of the corner supports 5 by connecting structures 40 provided at each of the four corners of the driving surface module 4.

The actuator module 3 can be supported by the base plate module 2. For this purpose, the base plate module 2 and the actuator module 3 can be provided with cooperating male and female coupling elements. In the embodiment shown, the base plate 20 can be provided with four receiving openings 25, 26 configured to receive four stands 33, 34 provided at the actuator module 3.

For assembling the transport device 10 shown in FIG. 1 from a plurality of transport device units 1, at first a plurality of base plate modules 2 can be mounted to the support bars 12 (see FIG. 2), wherein adjacent base plate modules 2 can be aligned and connected to each other by the corner supports 5. Next, a wiring of the transport device units 1 can be completed. After the wiring is completed, the actuator modules 3 can be mounted to the base plate modules 2, wherein the stands 33, 34 of the actuator module 3 can be inserted into the receiving openings 25, 26 of the base plate 20. Finally, the driving surface module 4 can be mounted to the base plate module 2 via the corner supports 5, wherein the connecting structures 40 of the driving surface module 4 can be coupled to the corner supports 5.

FIG. 4 shows the base plate 20 of the base plate module 2 in a top view. FIG. 6 shows the base plate module 2 in a top view mounted to a support bar 12.

As can be seen in FIG. 4, close to its center the surface area of the base plate 20 can be provided with four rhombic apertures 27, each configured to receive a fastening bolt 121 (see FIG. 6) equipped with a washer 122 and a rhombic slot nut 123, in which the rhombic slot nut 123 is schematically shown in FIG. 5. The slot nut 123 can be mounted to the fastening bolt 121 and inserted from above into a groove of the support bar 12 passing through the rhombic apertures 27. This can allow for an easy mounting, wherein the fastening bolt 121 can be tightened after all base plate modules 2 of a transport device are aligned to each other.

As shown in FIG. 4, the surface area of the base plate 20 can be provided with receiving slits 23 on the internal side of the walls 22 surrounding the recess 21. The receiving slits 23 can allow for a mounting of filter elements 230 (see FIGS. 6 and 7) from below, in case the support bar 12 does not hinder an access to the receiving slit 23. In case access to the receiving slit 23 from below is hindered by the support bar 12 as in the case of the receiving slits 23 on the left and the right in FIG. 6, the filter element 230 can be mounted from above.

To one corner of the base plate 20, in the orientation shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, to the upper right corner, a wiring board 6 can be mounted. The wiring board 6 can be mounted to the base plate 20 by screws 61 (see FIG. 6). For this purpose, as shown in FIG. 4, the base plate 20 can be provided with threaded holes 28 for receiving the screws 61. As shown in FIG. 6, in the embodiment shown, an earth or ground cable 60 of the wiring board 6 can be connected to the fastening bolt 121 and the fastening bolt 121 can be used for grounding the wiring board 6.

The base plate module 2 can serve as a mounting platform for mounting the actuator module 3 and the driving surface module 4.

The actuator module 3 can be mounted to the base plate module 2 by stands 33, 34 (see FIG. 3) serving as male coupling elements to be inserted into receiving openings 25, 26 provided at the base plate 20. As best seen in FIG. 4, the receiving openings 25, 26 can be configured to receive the stands 33, 34 differ in design for providing a mechanical coding or keying system not having rotational symmetry. Thereby, it can be ensured that the actuator module 3 can only be mounted in one particular orientation to the base plate module 2. In the embodiment shown, two receiving openings 25 have a substantially U-shaped design, whereas the other two receiving openings 26 have a substantially T-shaped design. Each receiving opening 25, 26 can be arranged at a center of one of the sides of the base plate 20 between two corners. In other embodiments, a keying structure can be provided by arranging at least one of the receiving openings 25, 26 and the corresponding stand 33, 34 offset from a center closer to one corner.

As explained above, the base plates 20 of adjacent transport device units 1 can be coupled and aligned using corner supports 5 (see FIG. 2) attached to the connection brackets 24 at adjacent corners of the base plates 20. In the embodiment shown, each connection bracket 24 can be provided with two longitudinal grooves 240 at its two legs, in which the longitudinal grooves 240 can extend substantially parallel to the two adjoining sides and substantially perpendicular to a surface area of the base plate 20. A coupling element can be inserted into the grooves from above.

FIG. 7 shows a filter element 230 of the base plate module 2 of FIG. 6 in a side view. As can be seen in FIG. 7, the filter element 230 can have mirror symmetry allowing a mounting of the filter element 230 in four different orientations. The filter element 230 can be provided with snap-fit connectors 231 for detachably securing the filter element 230 in position at the base plate 20 of the base plate module 2. If required, the filter element 230 can be removed and cleaned or replaced. In case access to the filter element 230 is possible from below, such a removal and/or replacement can be possible without disassembling the transport device unit 1.

FIG. 8 shows the wiring board 6 of the base plate module 2 of FIG. 6 in a perspective view. As can be seen in FIG. 8, the wiring board 6 can be provided with a board-to-board connector 62 for electrically connecting the wiring board 6 and the actuator module 3 (see FIG. 2), more particular for electrically connecting the wiring board 6 and an actuator module wiring board 35 (see FIG. 11). In order to ensure a correct alignment of the wiring board 6 and the actuator module 3, two centering pins 63 can be provided which can be received in corresponding centering holes 36 (see FIG. 10) at the actuator module 3. In order to avoid an overdetermined mechanical system, the wiring board 6 can be float-mounted to the base plate 20 of the base plate module 2. For this purpose, in the embodiment shown, the wiring board 6 can be provided with through holes 64 for the fixation screws 61 (see FIG. 6), in which the through holes 64 can be larger in diameter than the fixation screws 61. Hence, the wiring board 6 can be mounted moveably within limits by the fixation screws 61 to the base plate 20.

FIGS. 9 and 10 show the actuator module 3 with the carrier element 31 and the actuators 30 in a perspective view from above and from below, respectively. FIG. 11 shows the actuator module 3 in a different orientation than FIG. 9 and wherein the actuators 30 are removed. FIG. 12 shows an electro-magnetic actuator 30 of the actuator module 3.

The actuator module 3 can have a substantially square basic shape with four equal sides and four corners. It can be configured to be mounted to the base plate module 2 by the stands 33, 34 inserted into receiving openings 25, 26 (see FIGS. 4 and 6). As mentioned above, the carrier element 31 can be provided with four stands 33, 34 configured to be inserted into four receiving openings 25, 26 of the base plate module 2 (see FIG. 2). The receiving openings 25, 26, as well as, the corresponding stands 33, 34 can differ in design for providing a mechanical coding not having rotational symmetry. In the embodiment shown, two stands 33 can have a substantially U-shaped cross-section, whereas the other two stands 34 can have a substantially T-shaped cross-section. Each stand 33, 34 can be arranged at a center of one of the sides of the carrier element 31.

The actuator module 3 can comprise an actuator module wiring board 35 provided with contact pins 350 accessible via a bottom surface 310 of the carrier element 31. The contact pins 350 can be configured to connect with the board-to-board connector 62 (see FIG. 8) of the wiring board 6. In order to ensure a correct alignment of the contact pins 350 and the board-to-board connector 62 of the wiring board 6, two centering holes 36 can be provided at the bottom surface 310 as well as at the actuator module wiring board 35. The centering holes 36 can be configured for receiving the centering pins 63 of the wiring board 6 for aligning the contact pins 350 of the actuator module wiring board 35 with the board-to-board connector 62.

The actuators 30 can be electrically and mechanically connected to the actuator module wiring board 35. For this purpose, as best seen in FIG. 11, the actuator module wiring board 35 can be equipped with a plurality of sockets 351 configured to receive contact pins 301 provided at the actuators 30 (see FIG. 12). In order to facilitate the mounting of the actuators 30 to the actuator module 3, in the embodiment shown, the actuator module 3 can comprise a grid structure 37 made of a magnetically conductive material such as, for example, a metal, comprising a plurality of bearing pins 370. The bearing pins 370 can be configured to receive one actuator 30 each, wherein the actuators 30 can be provided with corresponding cores 302.

At a bottom side of the actuator module 3, a fan 32 can be provided. The length of the stands 33, 34 can exceed the distance over which the fan 32 protrudes from the bottom surface 310 such that when placing the actuator module 3 on a planar surface, for example during transport, for storage and/or for an assembly, the distal ends of the stands 33, 34 can contact this planar surface and the fan 32 can be distanced from the planar surface. Hence, it can be possible to mount the fan 32 directly to the actuator module wiring board 35.

At each side of each stand 33, 34, a guiding groove 38 for a removal tool 8 (see FIGS. 21 and 22) can be provided, as will be explained in more detail with reference to FIGS. 21 and 22 below.

FIGS. 13 and 14 show the driving surface module 4 in a perspective view from above and from below, respectively. FIG. 15 is a perspective view from below showing a detail of two adjacent driving surface modules 4 of FIG. 14.

The driving surface module 4 can be provided with a driving surface element 41. The driving surface element 41 can be made of a material suitable for slidingly transporting sample carriers (not shown) along the top surface of the driving surface element 41. The driving surface element 41 can have a substantially square basic shape with four sides of equal length and four corners.

The driving surface module 4 can be detachably supported by support elements. In the embodiment shown, the driving surface module 4 can be detachably supported by the corner supports 5 (see FIG. 2) serving as support element for the driving surface module 4. At the four corners of the driving surface module 4, connecting structures 40 can be provided for connecting the driving surface module 4 via the corner supports 5 with the base plate module 2 (see FIG. 2). The driving surface module 4 can comprise a sensor board arranged at a bottom side of the driving surface element 41. Hence, the sensor board can be positioned close to the driving surface across which sample support carriers can be transported. The sensor board can at least form part of a device for sensing a presence or position of an individual sample container carrier moved across the upper side of the driving surface element 41. In one embodiment, the driving surface element 41 can be transparent to IR light, wherein the sensor board can be equipped with multiple IR based reflection light barriers arranged in a grid, and the sample container carriers can be configured to reflect IR radiation emitted by the light barriers.

When mounting the driving surface module 4 to the base plate module 2 by the corner supports 5, the driving surface module 4 can be positioned with high accuracy in relation to the base plate module 2.

At each side of the driving surface element 41, a rim 42 can be provided.

The driving surface elements 41 of adjacent transport device units 1 can overlap each other at their side regions. For this purpose, as best seen in FIGS. 14 and 15, at two adjoining sides of each driving surface module 4, a transition between the top surface of the driving surface element 41 and the rim 42 can be provided with a stepped portion 43. At the respective opposing sides of each driving surface module 4, a transition between the top surface of the driving surface element 41 and the rim 42 can be provided with a complementary overhang portion 44. The stepped portion 43 and the overhang portion 44 can be configured to each other such that the overhang portion 44 can rest on the stepped portion 43 and can be supported by the stepped portion 43 for a smooth transition between two driving surface modules 4. In other words, adjacent transport device units 1 (see FIG. 2) can be arranged such that, in each case, a side provided with an overhang portion 44 can contact a side provided with a stepped portion 43.

Further, for tolerance compensation in a vertical direction, resilient elements 450, 451 can be provided underneath the driving surface element 41 for forcing the stepped portion 43 towards the overhang portion 44. The resilient elements 450, 451 in the embodiment shown can comprise pairs of hooked-shaped elements 450 arranged underneath each overhang portion 44, wherein each pair of hooked-shaped elements 450 can interact with a tongue-shaped element 451 provided at sides of the driving surface element 41 having a stepped portion 43. The tongue-shaped element 451 and the stepped portion 43 can be arranged between the overhang portion 44 and the hooked-shaped elements 450. Hence, the overhang portion 44 and the hooked-shaped elements 450 can form a clamp for forcing the stepped portion 43 towards the overhang portion 44 and vice versa.

As best seen in FIG. 14, in the embodiment shown, a grid-shaped resilient component 45 can be provided, wherein the resilient elements 450, 451 can be formed at the ends of grid-lines of the grid-shaped resilient component 45. Grid-lines of the grid-shaped resilient component 45 can be arranged above some of the actuators 30 of the actuator module 3 (see FIG. 2), wherein the grid-lines can be provided with recesses 452 for receiving upper ends of the actuators 30. The grid-shaped resilient component 45 can be mounted to the bottom surface of the driving surface element 41. In the embodiment shown, the bottom surface of the driving surface element 41 can be provided with screw sockets 410 for fixing the grid-shaped resilient component 45 to the driving surface element 41.

In order to prevent a liquid accidently spilled on the upper surface of the transport device from entering the transport device unit 1, a sealing cord 46 can be provided. In the embodiment shown, the sealing cord 46 can extend along two sides of the driving surface element 41, namely the sides provided with the overhang portion 44. The sealing cord 46 can be mounted at the respective sides to the rim 42. For this purpose, a groove for mounting of the sealing cord 46 can be provided. At the respective opposite sides, the rim 42can be provided with a sealing projection for contacting the sealing cord 46.

In order to ensure that the driving surface modules 4 are mounted in such an orientation that in each case a side having an overhang portion 44 can contact a side of a driving surface module 4 of an adjacent transport device unit 1 having a stepped portion 43, the driving surface element 40 can have no rotational symmetry and can be mounted only in one orientation.

FIG. 16 shows a detail XVI of FIG. 14, wherein the connecting structure 40 for connecting the driving surface module 4 with the corner support 5 (see FIG. 2) is shown in more detail. The connecting structure 40 can comprise a connection pin 400 formed integrally with the driving surface element 41. Further, two snap-fit elements 402 can be provided which, in the embodiment shown, can be formed integrally with the grid-shaped component 45.

FIG. 17 is a perspective view of a corner support 5 for connecting adjacent transport device units 1 (see FIG. 1). The corner support 5, in the embodiment shown, can function as a cross-shaped connection node for both, a plurality of base plate modules 2, and a plurality of driving surface modules 4. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the corner supports 5 can be arranged at the four corners of the transport device unit 1, wherein the driving surface module 4 can rest on the four corner supports 5. Each corner support 5 can be provided with a liquid trap recess 50 at its center for collecting liquid accidently spilled on the driving surface.

For connecting and aligning up to four base plate modules 2, four pairs of snap-fit elements 511, 512, 513, 514 and four pairs of ribs 521, 522, 523, 524 (only partly visible in FIG. 17) can be provided. The snap-fit elements 511, 512, 513, 514, as well as the ribs 521, 522, 523, 524 of each pair, can be arranged at an angle of about 90° to each other. The ribs 521, 522, 523, 524 can be configured to enter into the longitudinal grooves 240 of the connecting bracket 24 of the base plate modules 2 (see FIG. 4) and the snap-fit elements 511, 512, 513, 514 can be configured to be snapped to a hook provided at a side of the connecting bracket 24 directly adjacent to this longitudinal groove 240. FIG. 18 shows a bottom view of a corner support 5 attached to a base plate 20, wherein ribs 521 (not visible in FIG. 18) can be inserted into longitudinal grooves 240 of the connecting bracket 24 of the base plate 20 and snap-fit elements 511 can be snapped to the hook provided at the side of the connecting bracket 24 directly adjacent to this longitudinal groove 240.

The corner support 5 shown in FIG. 17 can further be provided with four pairs of latch elements 531, 532, 533, 534 (only partly visible in FIG. 17) for connecting and aligning up to four driving surface modules 4. The latch elements 531, 532, 533, 534 of each pair can also be arranged at an angle of about 90° to each other. Between the two latch elements 531, 532, 533, 534 of each pair, an opening 541, 542, 543, 544 can be provided. FIG. 19 shows a bottom view of a corner support 5, wherein two connecting structures 40 of two adjacent driving surface modules 4 are coupled by the corner support 5. The connection pin 400 of each connecting structure 40 can be inserted into an opening 541, 542 and the snap-fit elements 402 of the respective connecting structure 40 can interlock with the latch elements 531. 532 arranged on either side of the respective opening 541, 542.

As mentioned above, a sealing cord 46 can be arranged between two adjacent driving surface modules 4.

FIG. 20 schematically shows a sectional view of two adjacent transfer units with base plate elements 20 and driving surface modules 4, which can be coupled by a corner support 5.

The connection pins 400 of each driving surface module 4 can be inserted into an associated opening 541, 544 of a common corner support 5. As schematically shown in FIG. 20, the sealing cord 46 can force the two driving surface modules 4 apart, and hence, the connection pins 400 can be forced against the edges of the openings 541, 544 receiving the connection pins 400 as schematically shown by two arrows in FIG. 20. This can allow for a precise positioning of the adjacent driving surface modules 4 with respect to each other. Further, it can be avoided that acceptable tolerances between adjacent driving surface modules 4 accumulate along the driving surface.

As also shown in FIG. 20, the corner support 5 can also serve to clamp a base plate element 20 to an adjacent base plate element 20. For this purpose, in the embodiment shown, two parallel ribs 521, 524can be inserted into two substantially parallel arranged longitudinal grooves 240 of the brackets 24 of the adjacent base plate elements 20.

One advantage of the modular system can be that the transport device can be easily adapted to changing conditions and/or requirements of a laboratory automation system. Further, malfunctioning transport device units 1 such as, for example, malfunction actuator modules 3, can be easily and quickly replaced. The transport device units 1 can be arranged tightly at the transport device. For removal of a driving surface module 4, the driving surface module 4 can be raised at one side having an overhang portion 44 and inclined. An access to the actuator module 3 can be more challenging. For an easy removal, a removal tool 8 can be provided.

FIG. 21 shows the transport device 10 upon removal of one actuator module 3 of a transport device unit 1 using two removal tools 8. FIG. 22 shows a removal tool 8 in a perspective view.

As shown in FIG. 21, for a removal of the actuator module 3, at first the driving surface module 4 can be removed. After the removal, the driving surface module 4 as shown in FIG. 21, two removal tools can be inserted at two opposing sides of the actuator module 3.

The removal tool 8 can be substantially U-shaped with a handle portion 80 and two legs 81. The legs 81 can be configured for entering into the guiding grooves 38 of the actuator module 3 (see FIGS. 9 and 10). At the distal ends of the legs 81, engagement hooks 82 can be provided for engaging with a bottom surface 310 of the carrier element 31 of the actuator module 3 and/or hooks provided in the grooves 38 for removing the actuator module 3 from the transport device 10.

The removal tool 8 can be provided with a stop element 83 arranged at least substantially in parallel to the handle portion 80. The stop element 83 can prevent the removal tool 8 from being entered too deep into the grooves 38. Hence, an unintentional damaging of the actuator module 3 and/or any element arranged below the actuator module 3 with the removal tool 8 can be avoided.

It is noted that terms like “preferably,” “commonly,” and “typically” are not utilized herein to limit the scope of the claimed embodiments or to imply that certain features are critical, essential, or even important to the structure or function of the claimed embodiments. Rather, these terms are merely intended to highlight alternative or additional features that may or may not be utilized in a particular embodiment of the present disclosure.

For the purposes of describing and defining the present disclosure, it is noted that the term “substantially” is utilized herein to represent the inherent degree of uncertainty that may be attributed to any quantitative comparison, value, measurement, or other representation. The term “substantially” is also utilized herein to represent the degree by which a quantitative representation may vary from a stated reference without resulting in a change in the basic function of the subject matter at issue.

Having described the present disclosure in detail and by reference to specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent that modifications and variations are possible without departing from the scope of the disclosure defined in the appended claims. More specifically, although some aspects of the present disclosure are identified herein as preferred or particularly advantageous, it is contemplated that the present disclosure is not necessarily limited to these preferred aspects of the disclosure. 

We claim:
 1. A transport device, the transport device comprising: a plurality of electro-magnetic actuators; and a driving surface arranged above the actuators, in which the driving surface is configured to carry sample container carriers, wherein the driving surface is tiled and comprises a plurality of driving surface modules with driving surface elements, wherein support elements arranged in a grid pattern are provided, and wherein each driving surface module is detachably mounted to a subset of the support elements.
 2. The transport device according to claim 1, further comprises, a sealing cord provided between adjacent sides of neighboring driving surface elements, wherein in each case, driving surface elements of neighboring driving surface modules are forced apart by the sealing cord and wherein a maximum distance between the driving surface elements is limited by the support element.
 3. The transport device according to claim 2, wherein the driving surface elements have a rim at their bottom side for accommodating the sealing cord, wherein the sealing cord is mounted to the rim of a first side of a driving surface element and a sealing projection for contacting the sealing cord is provided at the rim of a second side of an adjacent driving surface element.
 4. The transport device according to claim 1, wherein the driving surface elements have a tessellating basic shape.
 5. The transport device according to claim 4, wherein the tessellating basic shape is a regular polygonal basic shape.
 6. The transport device according to claim 4, wherein the driving surface elements have a regular polygonal basic shape with three, four or six corners and wherein the support elements are designed as corner supports arranged to support adjacent corners of driving surface elements of neighboring driving surface modules.
 7. The transport device according to claim 6, wherein the corner supports have a liquid trap recess at their center for collecting liquid accidently spilled on the transport surface.
 8. The transport device according to claim 6, wherein each driving surface module has connecting structures at the corners of the driving surface element for connecting each corner with an associated corner support, the connecting structures each comprising at least a connection pin configured to be inserted into an opening at the corner support.
 9. The transport device according to claim 8, wherein at least one of the connecting structures comprises at least one snap-fit element.
 10. The transport device according to claim 1, wherein a subset of the driving surface modules comprises a sensor board arranged at a bottom side of the driving surface element.
 11. The transport device according to claim 1, wherein at least a subset of the driving surface elements comprises at least one side having a stepped portion and at least one side having a complementary overhang portion, wherein the overhang portion is configured to overlap a stepped portion at side of a driving surface element of a neighboring driving surface module.
 12. The transport device according to claim 11, further comprises, resilient force elements for forcing a stepped portion of a driving surface module against the overhang portion at side of a neighboring driving surface module.
 13. The transport device according to claim 12, wherein the resilient force elements comprise hook-shaped elements provided at a bottom surface of a driving surface element underneath the overhang portion and tongue-shaped elements provided at a bottom surface of a driving surface element underneath the stepped portion.
 14. The transport device according to claim 1, wherein the transport device is assembled from a plurality of transport device units, each transport device unit comprising a base plate module with a base plate for fixing the transport device unit to a support frame and an actuator module with a plurality of electro-magnetic actuators, in which the actuator module is supported by the base plate module.
 15. The transport device according to claim 14, wherein each driving surface module is assigned to one transport device unit and wherein each driving surface module is detachably mounted to the base plate module of the assigned transport device unit by the support elements.
 16. A laboratory sample distribution system, the laboratory sample distribution system comprising: a transport device according to claim 1; and a plurality of sample container carriers, the sample container carriers each comprising at least one magnetically active device and configured to carry a sample container containing a sample.
 17. The laboratory sample distribution system according to claim 16, wherein the at least one magnetically active device is at least one permanent magnet.
 18. A laboratory automation system, the laboratory automation system comprising: a plurality of pre-analytical, analytical and/or post-analytical stations, and a distribution system according to claim
 16. 